It seems like you are mentioning two types of eye lenses - convex and concave - and asking about chronic issues related to these disorders. Let's break down the two disorders separately:Convex Lens Disorder (Hypermetropia or Hyperopia): Hypermetropia, commonly known as hyperopia or farsightedness, is a refractive error where distant objects are seen more clearly than nearby objects. This occurs when the light entering the eye focuses behind the retina instead of directly on it. Hypermetropia can be caused by an eyeball that is too short or a cornea that has insufficient curvature.
Chronic issues related to hypermetropia may include:Eyestrain: People with hyperopia may experience eyestrain while performing tasks that require near vision, such as reading, writing, or using digital devices for extended periods.
Headaches: Frequent headaches can occur due to the extra effort required to focus on nearby objects.
Difficulty with close-up work: Tasks like reading or sewing may become challenging and uncomfortable.
Blurry vision: Objects up close may appear blurry or unclear.Concave Lens Disorder (Myopia): Myopia, commonly known as nearsightedness, is a refractive error where close objects are seen clearly, but distant objects appear blurry. This occurs when the light entering the eye focuses in front of the retina instead of directly on it. Myopia can be caused by an eyeball that is too elongated or a cornea with excessive curvature.
Chronic issues related to myopia may include:Difficulty seeing distant objects: People with myopia have difficulty seeing objects like road signs, whiteboards, or faces from a distance.
Eyestrain: Straining to see distant objects clearly can lead to eye discomfort and fatigue.
Squinting: Squinting is a common way people with myopia try to temporarily improve their vision.
Possible increased risk of eye conditions: In severe cases, high myopia can be associated with an increased risk of certain eye conditions like retinal detachment or glaucoma.
Both hypermetropia and myopia are common refractive errors that can be addressed with prescription eyeglasses or contact lenses. In some cases, refractive surgery, such as LASIK, may be considered as a more permanent solution to correct these disorders.
If you suspect that you have any vision issues or experience chronic eye problems, it is essential to schedule an eye examination with an optometrist or ophthalmologist. They can perform a comprehensive eye exam and provide appropriate recommendations for vision correction or management of any chronic eye condition.
Overview
NearsightednessEnlarge imageNearsightedness (myopia) is a common vision condition in which near objects appear clear, but objects farther away look blurry. It occurs when the shape of the eye — or the shape of certain parts of the eye — causes light rays to bend (refract) inaccurately. Light rays that should be focused on nerve tissues at the back of the eye (retina) are focused in front of the retina.
Nearsightedness usually develops during childhood and adolescence, and it usually becomes more stable between the ages of 20 and 40. Myopia tends to run in families.
A basic eye exam can confirm nearsightedness. You can compensate for the blurry vision with eyeglasses, contact lenses or refractive surgery.
Products & Services
Book: Mayo Clinic Guide to Better Vision
Symptoms
Nearsightedness signs or symptoms may include:Blurry vision when looking at distant objects
The need to squint or partially close the eyelids to see clearly
Headaches
Eyestrain
Children may have difficulty seeing things on white boards or screen projections in the classroom. Younger children might not express difficulty seeing, but they may have the following behaviors that suggest difficulty seeing:Persistently squint
Seem unaware of distant objects
Blink excessively
Rub their eyes frequently
Sit close to the television
Adults with myopia may notice difficulty reading street signs or signs in a store. Some people may experience blurry vision in dim light, as with nighttime driving, even if they see clearly in daylight. This condition is called night myopia.
When to see a doctor
Make an appointment with an eye care specialist if your child exhibits any signs of vision problems or if a teacher reports possible problems.
Make an appointment for yourself if you notice a change in your vision, have difficulty performing tasks such as driving, or find the quality of your vision detracts from your enjoyment of activities.
Seek emergency medical care if you experience any of the following:Sudden appearance of many floaters — tiny specks or lines that seem to drift through your field of vision
Flashes of light in one or both eyes
A curtain-like gray shadow covering all or part of your field of vision
A shadow in your outer or side vision (peripheral vision)
These are warnings signs of the retina becoming detached from the back of the eye. This condition is a medical emergency requiring prompt treatment. Significant nearsightedness is associated with an increased risk of retinal detachment.
Regular eye exams
Both children and adults may not be aware of problems with vision or changes that happen gradually. The American Academy of Ophthalmology recommends regular vision screenings to ensure a timely diagnosis and treatment.
Children and adolescents
Your child's pediatrician or other health care provider will conduct relatively simple exams to check the health of your child's eyes at birth, between 6 and 12 months of age, and between 12 and 36 months of age. If there are any problems, you may be referred to a medical doctor specializing in eye health and care (ophthalmologist).
Vision screenings are tests to check for vision problems. A screening test may be performed by a pediatrician, ophthalmologist, optometrist or other trained provider. Vision screenings are often offered at schools or community centers.
The recommended times for screening are as follows:At least once between ages 3 and 5
Before kindergarten, usually age 5 or 6
Annually through the end of high school
If a problem is identified in a screening test, then you'll need to schedule a complete eye exam with an optometrist or ophthalmologist.
Adults
The American Academy of Ophthalmology recommends that healthy adults with no known problems with vision or eye disease should get a complete eye exam on the following schedule:At least once between ages 20 and 29
At least twice between ages 30 and 39
Every 2 to 4 years from ages 40 to 54
Every 1 to 3 years from ages 55 to 64
Every 1 to 2 years after age 65
If you have diabetes, a family history of eye disease, high blood pressure, or other risks of heart or vascular disease, you'll likely need more-regular eye exams. Also, you'll likely need more regular exams if you already have prescription glasses or contacts or if you've had surgery for vision correction. Your health care provider or eye care specialist will recommend how often to get an exam.
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